By Cradle & Tonic

How do I soothe sore nipples while breastfeeding?

If you're breastfeeding, you might be experiencing sore or cracked nipples – and you're definitely not alone. Many nursing parents go through this, and thankfully, there are lots of things you can do to find relief and keep breastfeeding comfortably. 

What causes sore or cracked nipples when breastfeeding?

There are many reasons why your nipples might be sore while breastfeeding.  It's helpful to understand the potential causes so you can find the right solutions - here are a few common culprits:

Latch

A good latch is key to comfortable breastfeeding. It can take some time for both you and your baby to get the hang of it, so be patient with yourselves! If you're struggling, don't hesitate to reach out to your midwife or a lactation consultant for some expert guidance. They can offer personalised tips and support.

Tongue-tie

Sometimes, a baby's tongue movement can be a little restricted due to a short or tight frenulum (the skin connecting the tongue to the bottom of the mouth). This is called tongue-tie. If you notice your baby has trouble moving their tongue or seems to be struggling to latch, it's a good idea to chat with your health visitor, midwife, or a lactation consultant. They can assess the situation and offer advice.

Your nipple shape

Everyone's different, and sometimes having flat or inverted nipples can make latching a bit trickier. There are techniques that can help, so it's worth discussing this with your doctor or a lactation consultant.

Letting baby lead

When your baby's finished feeding, they'll naturally detach. Trying to break the suction before they're ready can sometimes cause discomfort. Let your little one decide when they're done – they know best!

Clogged ducts

Think of your milk ducts like little highways for milk. Occasionally, one can get a little blocked, which might feel like a small, tender lump.

The right bra

A supportive and comfortable bra is essential! Make sure it's not too tight and that it's been washed carefully to avoid any irritation from detergents or chemicals.

Thrush

If your nipples are sore, pink, or shiny, you and your baby might have thrush. This common yeast infection of the breasts can be quite painful and requires medical attention, as it easily passes between you and your little one.  Thrush thrives in the moist environment of breastfeeding, making it a common challenge.  

Symptoms can include shooting pain in the breast during or after feeding, a burning sensation in the nipples, cracked or sore nipples, nipple discharge (which may be white or tinged with blood), and nipples that appear shiny, red, itchy, or flaky.

After seeing your doctor, they'll likely prescribe anti-fungal medication, such as a cream to apply after each feeding, or oral tablets.  

To prevent the spread of thrush to other family members, it's essential to practice good hygiene. Wash your hands thoroughly and use separate towels.  

Be sure to wash anything that goes in your baby's mouth, too. Keeping your breasts dry after each feeding by using nursing pads can also be helpful.

Engorgement

Breast engorgement happens when the breasts are overfull of milk. Your breasts might become painful and swollen, which makes it hard for your baby to latch. It can happen a few days after birth when your milk first comes in, or if you nurse less after some time. A breast pump is a good investment to prevent breast engorgement.

Dealing with engorgement can make breastfeeding uncomfortable, but there are a few things you can try to find relief.  

  • Before nursing, applying a warm compress for a few minutes or expressing a little milk by hand or with a breast pump can help soften the breast and make latching easier for your baby. 
  • Nursing more frequently and ensuring your breasts are emptied at each feeding is also key. If your baby seems full before your breast is completely empty, using a breast pump can be helpful. 
  • Finally, pain relief can make a big difference. Ibuprofen can help reduce swelling and pain, but it's always best to consult with your doctor before taking any medication.

Mastitis

Mastitis is a breast infection that can sometimes develop if bacteria enters through a cracked nipple or a milk duct. It's usually treated with antibiotics, so if you suspect you might have mastitis (you might experience pain, redness, swelling, and/or fever), it's important to contact your GP right away.

While you're getting medical treatment, there are a few things you can do at home to help manage the discomfort.  

  • A warm shower or a warm compress can be very soothing.  It's also crucial to drink plenty of fluids and get lots of rest – this is the time to prioritise your health and healing!  
  • Don't stop breastfeeding unless your doctor advises you to, as continued breastfeeding can actually help clear the infection.  
  • Finally, gently massaging your breasts, stroking from the sore area towards your nipple, can help encourage milk flow and clear any blockages.

How long until your nipples stop hurting when breastfeeding?

Nipple pain usually peaks three days after giving birth, and it is typical to a high number of women. After that, you should start getting used to the feeling and it shouldn’t be painful. Although, you might feel latch-on pain which only lasts for about 30 seconds after your baby latches. The pain should not last for the whole feeding, nor should it hurt between feedings.

Tips and treatment for sore nipples

Sore nipples are no fun, but it's important to keep breastfeeding while you figure out what's causing the discomfort. Your baby's latch can actually protect your nipples from further irritation.

In the meantime, there are lots of soothing things you can try to ease the pain.

Applying a little of your own breast milk and letting it air dry can be really helpful for healing.

You can also try a natural soothing balm – just make sure, that like our award-winning Cradle & Tonic balm,, it's safe for both you and baby! 

Gel pads or lanolin can also provide relief, with lanolin creating a protective barrier and moisturising your nipples. However, it's worth noting that neither lanolin nor gel pads are recommended if you have thrush, so it's always good to double-check.

Wondering what else you can put on sore nipples? Along with breast milk, a natural remedy some parents find helpful is a mixture of olive oil, a single drop of tea tree oil, and warm water. The olive oil soothes, while tea tree oil offers antibacterial benefits.

Massaging your breasts in a warm shower can also help release tension. And remember, a natural soothing balm that's safe for both you and baby is always a great option.